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Synagogues Featured on Stamps

About 100 synagogues of the world have been featured on stamps. Every inhabited continent participated. A wide variety of periods and styles can be observed. Of course many other significant ones have yet to appear this way.

Coming Soon

Kfar Baram

This typical Galilean synagogue dates to the 3rd century. Built entirely of stone. Benches around the perimeter and a women's gallery supported by columns. Faces Jerusalem. No fixed ark - it was portable and removed after each service. Pictured on a JNF fundraising label from 1965.

Kfar Baram, Israel

This typical Galilean synagogue dates to the 3rd century. Built entirely of stone. Benches around the perimeter and a women's gallery supported by columns. Faces Jerusalem. No fixed ark - it was portable and removed after each service. Pictured on a JNF fundraising label from 1965. The sketch recreates the original building.

Kfar Nahum, Israel

1 of over 15 synagogues identified in the Galilee dating from the 3rd - 4th centuries. They featured arches, columns, and decorative designs chiseled in stone. This tourist site was honored by Israel (1961) and Togo (1964). Drawings and models illustrate the original design.

Beit Alfa, Israel

The Beit Alfa synagogue, at the foot of Mt. Gilboa, dates from the 6th century. This one DOES have a niche for a Torah Ark. Famously, the entire floor is covered with mosaics, which have survived. Featured on the stamps is the central design of the zodiac. Next to it is depicted the Binding of Isaac and the Ark of the synagogue. The model and floor plan give a sense of the original. Israel issued the sheet of 4 triangular stamps in 1957.

Gaza, Israel

Surviving inscriptions date the Gaza synagogue to 508 CE. Egyptian archaeologists described it as a church but the Hebrew inscription 'David' next to a harp player leave no doubt it was a synagogue. He is surrounded by wild animals calmly listening to his music. Additional synagogue mosaics have been uncovered, showing a leaping tiger and, in the Maon synagogue, a peacock. These Israel issues are from 1995 and 2016.

Dura Europas, Syria

Dura Europos was a trading city on the river Euphrates, on the frontier between the Eastern Roman empire & the Parthian empire, until destruction in 257 CE. Abandoned & buried, the surviving walls featured plaster painting scenes of the Bible including images & faces of people. The western wall faces Jerusalem & includes a niche for the Ark, which is featured in the center stamp. Alongside, Samuel anoints David. Looted & mostly destroyed by the Islamic State between 2011 - 2014. Israel 1996.

Aleppo, Syria

Probably much older, the 'Great' synagogue of Aleppo shows influence from Moslem mosques. The internal open-air courtyard contains a roofed Bimah. Congregants sat around the perimeter and a niche held the Ark. Beside the Torah, it contained the famous Ben-Asher Codex. Ruined in a 1947 pogrom, the synagogue is unused today. The 1987 Israel stamp pictures a model from the Diaspora museum.

Cairo, Egypt

Originally a church, the Ben Ezra synagogue was bought and converted in 882. It has undergone numerous renovations, with marble features and geometric designs. This was the site of the famous Cairo Geniza which held over a thousand years of discarded manuscripts, 'discovered' by Westerners by 1897. Israel marked that discovery on its 100th anniversary. Egypt honored it in 2004.

Cochin, India

The ancient Cochin community built this Paradesi (foreigner) synagogue in 1568 & 1664. Dutch Sephardic newcomers influenced the community. The Ark, on the west wall, shows round Torah cases, while glass lamps and painted tiles decorate the interior. This Indian stamp celebrated the 400th anniversary in 1968.

Kaifeng Fu, China

Jews arrived here from Persia by the 8th century. Erected in 1163, this synagogue was ruined and rebuilt at least 9 times, and demolished in 1860. The last version, ca. 1663, featured a pagoda style exterior and a 3-tiered roof. The Ark faced Jerusalem and held 13 Torah scrolls in cases. Identity has been preserved patrilineally. The models and images are based on 18th century drawings. Israel 1988. Diaspora Museum model.

Djerba, Tunisia. North Africa

Jews were living in this part of the Carthaginian Empire before the Common Era. This 'El Ghriba' ('The Marvelous') synagogue replaced a much older one in the late 1800s. It's the oldest and most important synagogue in Africa. The interiors are decorated in Tunisian and Moorish styles with intricate and colorful designs. There is an annual pilgrimage to it on Lag B'Omer. Tunisia honored it in 2019.

Tunis, Tunisia. North Africa

This 'Great Synagogue', completed in 1937, brought together indigenous Jews and later Sephardic refugees. It was built in the prevailing Art Deco style. Looted (Nazis) and ransacked (6 Day War), it was renovated in the 90s. Now primarily a tourist attraction. Israel 1970. The stamp was withdrawn when it was found that it bore the name of G-d above the entrance, which would likely be cancelled and discarded.

Tunis_Synagogue.G-d's Name

This stamp aroused controversy in religious circles since it portrays the 4 letter Name of G-d (Y-H-V-H) in the Magen David design above the entrance. Cancelling the stamp or throwing the envelope in the garbage would result in desecrating The Name. The stamp was withdrawn after only 3 months. The stamp above was cancelled on 4 September 1970 and the letters of 'Tel Aviv' in the cancellation DO blot out G-d's name.

Saranda, Albania

Jews arrived at the beginning of the Common Era. Sephardic refugees and Romaniotes followed. Judaic-themed mosaic floors dating from the 5th century indicate a synagogue and community. One features a well-known arrangement of Menorah, Shofar & Etrog. Originally 2-storied, the building was later converted into a Christian basilica. It is known as the 'Ruins Synagogue'. Included in an Albanian 3 stamp issue featuring Archaeology.

Sofia, Bulgaria.Europe

Sofia had a variety of Jewish traditions & synagogues. The primarily Sephardic Jews in Sofia dedicated this Central synagogue in 1900. It's a domed octagon inside a square. Striped surfaces & long thin windows give a Byzantine/Turkish effect. Marble columns, Venetian mosaics & a huge chandelier decorate the interior. Most Jews left in 1948; a 1977 earthquake damaged the building. Now repaired, it is a landmark & event venue. The 1992 stamp reads '500th Anniversary of Jewish Settlement'.

Sarajevo,Bosnia.Europe

The full name of the country is 'Bosnia & Herzegovina', which became independent in1991. Sephardic refugees came, and later Ashkenazim. This Ashkenazi synagogue was built in 1902 in Moorish revival style with enormous arches and richly painted decorations. Only functioning synagogue today. Stamp Issued in 2002 marking its 100th anniversary.

Zenica, Bosnia

This synagogue was completed in 1907 in Neo-Moorish style. The community was decimated & the synagogue ruined in WWII. Restored in the 60s, became a museum, exhibition hall, and now Jewish center. Honored among 'Houses of Worship' in a 2014 stamp set.

Zagreb.Croatia

Croatia became independent in 1991. They had lived there in Roman times but were expelled for 300 years until 1783. This Moorish Revival synagogue was built in 1867; it was completely destroyed in 1942, along with most of the community. Reconstruction is being contemplated. The 2006 stamp commemorates '200th Anniversary of the Jewish Community'.

Subotica. Serbia

Jews were here in Roman times, and later part of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires, then Yugoslavia, before becoming the Republic of Serbia. This 1902 synagogue is in Hungarian Art Nouveau style, built of steel & concrete. Interior is ornate with paintings, carvings, and ceramic work. Most Jews murdered in WWII, building declined until finally restored in 2018. 1 of 3 synagogues in a 2018 set.

Novi Sad. Serbia

This building is the 5th synagogue built on the site, completed 1909 - then part of Hungary. The cruciform floor plan reflects Christian architectural influence. Overall style is 'Hungarian Art Nouveau'. In the style of the liberal synagogues of late 1800s. Today it's a concert hall but Jews return for major holidays. Part of the 2018 set.

Belgrade, Serbia

Sephardic exiles arrived and by 1869 there was also an Ashkenazic community. The latter built this building in 1929. Its style is described as 'Academism with Neo-Renaissance elements. The 2 protruding towers are reminiscent of the pillars of the Temple in Jerusalem. The Ark holds Sephardic and Ashkenazic scrolls. Nazis decimated the community and desecrated the synagogue. It was later restored by the merged communities. This is the 3rd stamp in the Serbian set.

Salonica. Greece

Jews were living here ('Thessaloniki') before the Common Era. The community was enlarged by immigrants after 1492. Those from Monastir Yugoslavia (today known as Bitola, Macedonia) completed this synagogue in 1927. Entering the impressive facade we find the Bimah and Aron Kodesh facing each other, made of white marble. This building survived the widespread Nazi destruction, used as a Red Cross warehouse. Now thoroughly restored. Used on Sabbath and High Holidays today. A 2018 stamp issue.

Rome. Italy

Jews have lived in Italy since the Roman Republic. This 'New Synagogue' replaced previous ones; it was completed in 1904 on the grounds of the former Ghetto. Built in a combination of styles, with a unique square aluminum dome. The interior is in Art Nouveau style. Daily services continue, in the distinctive Italian rite. In 2004 Italy and Israel issued 2 joint issues.

Rome. Italy.Pope

Pope Benedict XVI visited the Great Synagogue of Rome in January 2010. The visit was 'to confirm & deepen the good relations between Catholic & Jewish communities'. He apologized for church-instigated antisemitism, remembered Roman Jews killed in the Holocaust, and noted the 'spiritual fraternity and common roots of the 2 communities'. Liberia commemorated this event in 2018 with a souvenir sheet showing scenes in the synagogue.

Florence. Italy

Jews of Florence gained recognition in 1437 and survived in the Ghetto along with persecution. They celebrated their status as free citizens with this synagogue, 'Tempio Israelitico' in 1882. It is in the plan of a Greek cross, topped by a copper dome. Moorish design gives a non-Christian flavor to the building. Restored after WWII and flood damage. Preserves many antique Florentine Judaic artifacts. Today it's the main community synagogue. Israel issue 1987.

Paris, France

Jews were living in France in the 1st century. They endured many restrictions & expulsions under Christian rule, finally gaining equality in the 1830s. The Victory Street synagogue opened in 1875, in classic Romanesque style. It seats 3000. The 1988 stamp features the front of the interior. It is overlaid by letters of the Hebrew alphabet in the shape of a bird, replicating a sculpture that hangs inside. French stamp 1988.

Brussels, Belgium

Jews were living here by the mid-1200s. They were massacred during the Black Death and banned until the 1700s. Ashkenazim built this Romanesque/Byzantine building on a prestigious street. It features a rosette style window & 25 others. A loft for organ and choir reflects Reform impact; it has since become Orthodox. Patterned after the Paris 'Victoire' synagogue. The 1978 stamp marked its 100th anniversary.

Luxembourg City, Luxembourg

Jews here were expelled several times, returning more permanently in the early 1800s, generally from Germanic countries. Their 1894 Moorish Revival synagogue from 1894 was destroyed in 1943 along with half the community. In 1953 this Art Deco/Modernist bulding opened. Modern Orthodox ritual in French & Hebrew led by a Moroccan-born Sephardic rabbi. Luxembourg stamp issued in 1982 in a series of notable buildings.

Winterswijk, Netherlands

Jews were here by the 1700s, active in textiles and livestock. Most of some 3000 Jews didn't survive the Holocaust. This 1889 synagogue was the 'New' one. Turned into a gym by the Nazis, it was restored after the war and furnished with rescued Torah scrolls & other ceremonial objects. Used occasionally. Included in a 1985 stamp booklet honoring houses of worship.

Groningen, Netherlands

Here since the end of the 1600s, a community of nearly 3000 was reduced to barely 100 in WWII. An original 1756 building was demolished to make room for this one in 1906. Moorish elements were copied from other synagogues while the cruciform interior layout and stained glass windows are church-like. It became a laundry and then a church after WWII. Remodeled in modern style in 1981. Featured on a sheet with 9 other restored buildings, in 2011.

Worms. Germany

Jews were living in worms by 1000 C.E. First built in 1034, this Medieval synagogue was destroyed & rebuilt successively due to Crusade riots, Black Death, and pogroms. 2 aisles, 3 vaults, and 2 central supporting columns. A chapel added later became identified with Rashi. Burned & bombed in WWII, It was reconstructed in 1961 using original stones. JNF issued educational labels which were temporarily used in 1948 for Israeli postage.

Baden Baden. Germany

Jews finally established a permanent community in the late 1600s. The 25,000 population was decimated by emigration and deportation. This neo-Romanesque building was opened in 1899. In WWII, Jews were herded inside, forced to listen to Mein Kampf readings and sing the Nazi anthem. Then they were interned in Dachau and the building burned. The 1988 stamp marks the 50th anniversary of Kristallnacht & pictures this synagogue in flames.

Regensburg. Germany

Jews were in Regensburg in antiquity. Despite oppression, they developed respected scholars. This synagogue was dedicated in 1912, built in Romanesque style, housing a school, mikveh, and community offices. Destroyed and burned in 1938 and half the town Jews perished. The 1912 label was issued at dedication.

Berlin. Germany

Jews officially resettled in Berlin in 1671. This 'Heidereuter Street Synagogue' was built around 1710, in a courtyard hidden from the street. Made of masonry covered with stucco, the squarish building was enlarged with additions in the 1800s. Nazis permitted it to be used until 1943. Air raids destroyed the building and the Communist government tore it down. The images on the labels are based on old drawings and woodcuts. The triple doors were part of the courtyard entrance.

Berlin. Germany

The 'New' synagogue , on Oranienburg street, opened in 1866, to serve the growing Jewish population. It faced the street, had a giant gilded dome, and a façade of colored glazed bricks. It used iron construction and gas lighting. Nazis destroyed the Torah scrolls and the interior. Allied bombing ruined the back sections. Reconstruction of the domes and front began in 1989. The 1990 stamp includes an extra surcharge which contributed to the reconstruction effort.

East Berlin.Rykerstrasse

The Ryker Street opened in 1904. It adopted the 'Old (traditional) Rite' but allowed mixed seating. A suggested organ was never installed. During WWI, Russian POWs were able to attend services here. The building was ravaged during WWII. Eventually it was restored and an organ was installed in 1960. But beautifully rededicated in 2007, it is now Orthodox. Featured on a set of 10 post-war fundraising labels.

West Berlin. Germany

The New Jewish Community Center in Berlin was completed in1959. It was built on the site of the famous Fasanen Street synagogue built in 1912 in neo-Romanesque style with 3 domes and Byzantine elements. Destroyed in kristallnacht. Fragments of the original synagogue, including the entrance archway, were incorporated in the new Jewish Center building. The center was featured on a 1966 stamp. The original synagogue appears in the old 10 label set.

Vienna. Austria

Jews arrived in Vienna by 1200 but weren't granted freedom until 1782. The 'City Temple' was completed in 1826. The Empire decreed it be hidden behind an apartment building (which actually saved it from total destruction during Kristallnacht, although the interior was ruined). Restored in 1950 In the form of an oval with a ring of 12 columns. A national shrine and the leading synagogue in Vienna. Featured on a 1978 stamp at the 150th anniversary.

Krakow, Poland

Jews are recorded in Krakow in 1304. The 'Old' synagogue was built in the Kazimierz suburb in the 1400s and has undergone several restorations. It is the oldest and largest synagogue in Poland; it has Gothic elements such as a horizontal roof line and buttresses. After Nazi ruination it was restored to serve as a museum and declared an official historic monument. Israel featured it in a set of historic synagogues in 1970.

Tykocin, Poland

Called 'Tiktin' by Jews, who settled here in 1522. A classic 'shtetl', its entire Jewish community was murdered & buried in mass graves in 1941. The stone fortress synagogue was built in 1642 with a domed roof and walls 2 meters thick. 4 columns of the Bimah rise to the ceiling. This unheated synagogue seated 1000. Nazis destroyed all but the shell. In 1974 restoration began. Historic wall paintings of Hebrew texts were redone. Today it's a much-visited museum. Stamp issued in 1984.

Volpa, Belarus

The most beautiful of all the wooden synagogues in Eastern Europe, built ca. 1700. This was a uniquely Jewish style of architecture. 3 tiers cover the main hall & bell-shaped rooves cover the annexes. The beautifully-carved Ark stood 10 meters high. All were vandalized and later destroyed in WWII. A replica was built in Bilgoraj in 2015. This JNF label was overprinted 'Doar' (postage) and temporarily used for Israeli mail in 1948.

Vilna, Lithuania

Living here by the 1400s, Jews were ruled by Polish, Swedish & Russian Regimes. A major cultural center, it was the base of 'Misnaged' opposition to Hassidism. The synagogue dates to 1633. It rises 3 stories above ground & 2 more below due to government rules. Italian renaissance interior, 2-story Ark, 2 women's galleries, a 3-tiered Bimah. Its stone structure offered protection in times of danger. Ruined by the Nazis, demolished in 1957. Stamp issued in 2009.

Riga, Latvia

Jews were living here in the 1300s. This building opened in 1905, built in Art Nouveau style. Used as a warehouse in WWII, it was the only synagogue to survive the holocaust & the only one functioning there today. It underwent restoration in 2008 & uses Egyptian motifs in the Art Nouveau interior. Latvia included it in a set honoring houses of worship in 2001.

Uzhhorod, Ukraine

Under the Hungarians the city was called 'Ungvar'. Jews were first registered here in 1575. The first formal synagogue opened in 1767. The Chassidic movement was born in the Ukraine. Chassidim built this synagogue in 1904 in neo-Moorish style. Soviets transformed it into a Philharmonic Hall in the 50s. Jewish symbols removed, interior radically changed, the exterior survives. A Chabad congregation meets nearby. The item is a post-office souvenir from 2004, but not intended for postage.

Luboml, Ukraine

Jews were here by 1516, living under typical government restrictions. This fortress synagogue dates to the 16th century, built for protection and defense as well as prayer. In 1941 the Nazis eradicated the community and burnt part of the building. The unusual stamp was a local issue in use in 1918. Its legends are in German, Russian, Polish, and Yiddish.

Brody, Ukraine

The Brody Jewish community was formed by the late 1500s. Up to 90% of the town was Jewish. Totally destroyed in WWII. This stone fortress synagogue was built in 1742. Near the border, these also served as defense, with thick walls, parapets, even jail cells. Jews also took refuge during riots. Ravaged by fire in 1859 & ruined in WWII, it has not been restored. The stamp is another JNF label repurposed for temporary postage in 1948.

Zhovka, Ukraine

Jews helped found this city in 1590. This stone fortress synagogue replaced a wooden one in 1700. Built in Renaissance style, with facades, buttresses, cornices, and lavish interior stuccos and frescoes. Bombed by the Nazis, used as a warehouse, there has been some modest renewal. It is a 'World Monument'. Only 74 Jews of 6000 survived WWII. In 2016 Ukraine honored its minorities including this Shul, and Jews praying inside.

Uman, Ukraine

A Jewish community developed in the early 18th century, and became a major cultural center. Hassidism here centered around R' Nachman of Bratzlov ('Breslov'), whose 1810 tomb is visited annually around Rosh Hashana. The 2010 Israeli stamp focusses on that tomb, and on the horizon we see the 19th century Hassidic synagogue building, today a factory.

St. Petersburg, Russia

Jews were allowed in the late 1700s. After years of delays, the Grand Choral Synagogue opened in 1893, a 1200 seat building in Moorish/ Byzantine style. It became the only official place to pray. Nazis bombed it in WWII. The Safra family sponsored major reconstruction and their name was added to the Shul. This Russian 2001 stamp is part of of a set picturing houses of worship.

Moscow, Russia

No Jewish residents allowed until 1855, the Great Central synagogue was founded in 1887, with repeated closings until 1906. The façade is Neo-Classical, with 4 columns & a triangular pediment. The Ark is framed by columns surrounded by murals of plants and symbols. It's the only shul Soviets allowed to remain open, & became a symbol of Jewish identity in the 60s-70s. Featured on stamps by Israel in 1970 & by Russia in 2001.

Kutaisi, Georgia

Jews lived here since the Middle Ages. This synagogue remains active among 3 on the same street. Built in 1886, marble-covered with Corinthian columns. Restored frescoes decorate the interior. 25,000 strong until the 1980s, most emigrated to Israel. 120 locals and many visitors keep it active. Israel and The Republic of Georgia issued this stamp jointly in 2001.

Hungarian Synagogues

Hungary has featured 12 different synagogues on their stamps and postal products. Most surviving buildings have become general cultural centers for exhibitions, activities and libraries. A few serve dwindling Jewish populations.

Mad

Built in 1795, this is a rare example of Baroque synagogue architecture in Hungary. The center Bimah is beneath 4 supporting columns. The decorous Aron Kodesh is sculpted from stone. Multicolored frescoes are later additions. The mainly Chassidic community worked in the wine industry. They were deported to Auschwitz. The state took over the ruins and restored them. It serves as a memorial and performance hall. No Jews live here now. Stamp issued in 2011.

Baja, Hungary

Jews settled here in 1725. A burned down synagogue was replaced by this Neo-Classic building in 1845. The interior was richly painted and has been preserved. Few Jews survived the Holocaust and the building was given to the city which uses it as a library. The stamp was issued in 2012.

Papa, Hungary

This post-office collector's souvenir features an 1846 synagogue, although Jews had been here since the 1600s. It started out Orthodox but became Neolog. After deporting Jews, the building was used as a stable, and later for storage. Only 10 % survived and most left the country. today the building is in ruins.

Budapest, Hungary

Living with restrictions & expulsions, Jews have been here since the 1100s. More than 50% of Budapest's 201,000 Jews perished in the Holocaust. This largest synagogue in Europe seats 3,000 and is the center of Neolog Judaism. Completed in 1859 in Moorish Revival style, with mixed elements. Bombed & burned and used as a stable, it later underwent reconstruction. Hungary displayed the exterior while Israel showed the interior Holy Ark, both in 2000.

Budapest.JTS

The Jewish Theological Seminary, also known as the University of Jewish Studies, opened in 1877. Opposed by the Orthodox community and promoted by the Neolog movement. the Germans turned it into a prison. Its valuable library was successfully hidden - until 1980! The seminary continued to operate under Communist government. This 2008 stamp features the synagogue inside.

Kiskunhalas, Hungary

Local Jews call it 'Halash'. They were permitted to settle here in the 1740s. The synagogue was built in 1860 in mixed Neo-Classicist style with Neo-Gothic pointed windows. The Orthodox community eventually merged with the Neolog. Renovated in the 1940s, the synagogue/ community center today serves an Orthodox congregation. The stamp was issued in 2012.

Pecs

The Jewish community was organized in 1840. This Romantic style synagogue was built in 1869. With a stuccoed interior, colored ceilings, wrought-iron columns with gilded capitals, it stands on the central town square. Around the prominent clock in Hebrew "May all people call this a House of Prayer". 2 stories of women's galleries rise above the sanctuary. The original organ remains. 90% of the Jews were murdered. The synagogue remains in use by a dwindling population. Stamp issued in 2017.

Gyor

the Jewish community was established in 1840. The Neo-Romanesque building opened in 1870, one of the first Neolog congregations. On the east side stands the Torah Ark with blue columns and elongated dome. The women's sections are on 7 sides of the octagonal space, on 2 floors. 85% of 5000 Jews were murdered in WWII. The city took over the building, renovated it and made it a conference & cultural center. Stamp issued in 2017.

Kecskemet, Hungary

Jews settled here in the 1500s. Their 1st official synagogue was built in 1814! This Romantic style 'Great Synagogue' dates to 1872. Only 10% of the Jewish community survived. The building was sold and today is an exhibition center. Hungary issued this non-postage souvenir for collectors.

Szeged, Hungary

Jews had already built a synagogue here by 1803. This 'New Synagogue' opened in 1902 - 2nd largest in Hungary & 4th largest in the world. Its style is described as Art Nouveau/Moorish. It is very ornate, with rounded arches, domed ceiling, and stained glass. It served the Neolog community and held a huge organ with over 2000 pipes. The 2008 stamp focusses on the Interior Ark whose wood comes from the Nile river. Used occasionally, and also hosts events and concerts.

Nagykoros, Hungary

An earlier synagogue from 1817 was destroyed in an earthquake. Post-WWI synagogues, like this one from 1925, were built behind walls or buildings, to reduce Anti-Semitism. A handful of survivors returned to continue using this synagogue, with an Orthodox service. the stamp was issued in 2010.

Szolnok, Hungary

Jews settled here in 1830. Among several synagogues, the ornate 'Great Synagogue' was sold and became a cultural center. This 'New Synagogue' was completed in 1935. After WWII it was renamed 'Temple of Martyrs". The 2010 stamp showing the interior reads 'Szolnok New Synagogue'. I believe it is this building.

Prague, Czechoslovakia

Jews were here by the 10th century. This 'Altneu' Medieval synagogue was built in 1270. it is rectangular, stone-vaulted, with 2 supporting pillars. The oldest European synagogue still in use. Alt-neu means 'old-new' and refers to periodic renovations. it can also read 'Al-Tnai' meaning 'on condition' indicating a legend that that the foundation includes Temple stones that will be returned to Jerusalem when the Messiah comes. Honored by Czechoslovakia in 1967 & Israel in 1987.

Prague, Czechoslovakia

This souvenir sheet from Marshall Islands (2018) features 4 Czech synagogues. Beside the Alt-Neu shul we see: Maisel synagogue (1592). Its current Neo-Gothic form dates to 1905. Today part of a Jewish museum. The Jubilee Synagogue in Moorish style opened in 1906. It honored Emperor Franz Joseph's 50th anniversary. Active today, Orthodox. The 1868 Spanish synagogue has a Moorish Revival interior. Part of a museum today.

Radauti, Romania

There were Jews here in the 1300s and many more arrived in the late 1800s. They owned plants, stores, banks, hotels & restaurants and were also most of the professionals. Hassidic sects were prominent. This 'Great' synagogue opened in 1886, in Neo-Romanesque/Moorish style. The 2013 stamps celebrate the restoration that had just been done. Attached labels show interior details.

Toledo, Spain

Jews reached Spain well before the Common Era. They lived under Roman, Christian, and Moslem Regimes. This Ibn Shoshan synagogue was built in 1180 in blended Mudejar style. Exterior ordinary, interior beautiful. 32 decorated octagonal pillars supporting horseshoe-shaped arches. Catholics converted it into a church in 1411, renamed 'Santa Maria de la Blanca'. Now, a national monument & museum. Spanish stamps from 1965 & 1997.

Cordoba, Spain

Cordoba's Jewish Quarter developed in the 10th - 15th centuries. This synagogue was refurbished in 1315 in Mudejar style, blending Moslem & Christian elements. After the expulsion (1492) it became a hospital, a community center, and finally a national monument. The women's gallery is above the entrance, decorated with elaborate stucco and lattice-work. It features geometric & floral patterns, and Hebrew inscriptions. This 1997 stamp pictures the arches of the women's gallery.

Tomar, Portugal

Jews arrived in Portugal in the 1300s, and Spanish refugees in 1492. All converted or were expelled in 1496. This synagogue was built in 1450 but abandoned in 1496. It became a prison, a church, a barn and more until declared a national monument. The style is Medieval, with Gothic arches and vaults. The exterior is whitewashed; it faces East, towards Jerusalem. The 2010 Portuguese stamp set features local Jewish culture.

Lisbon, Portugal

Due to the Inquisition Lisbon's Jews were expelled in 1497. When it ended in the 19th century, some affluent families returned. The 1st official synagogue since the 15th century, 'Sha'arei Tikvah' was opened in 1904. The synagogue style is described as Moorish Revival. Like other non-Catholic houses of worship, it had to be built recessed from the street, behind a fence and a wall. Portugal celebrated the synagogue's 100th anniversary in 2004 with this stamp and souvenir sheet.

Amsterdam, Netherlands

Portuguese Jews and Marranos were attracted to Amsterdam after 1571, when it was governed by relatively tolerant Protestants. Sephardic communities united to build the 'Esnoga' in 1675. 2000 seats were lit by 72 windows & 613 hanging tapers. A triple Ark of rosewood and women's galleries on both sides. Vandalized & then restored in 1950s-60s. It inspired several later synagogues, especially in the New World. Honored on stamps by Israel (1970) & Netherlands (1975).

Gibraltar

Spain expelled Gibraltar's Jews in 1492; they returned under British rule in1713. Early arrivals reflected Moroccan influence. This synagogue, Nefusot Yehudah, built in 1800, reflected Dutch style of arrivals from Amsterdam, notably the facade's shaped white gable outside. A 1913 fire destroyed the interior, which was reconstructed by an Italian architect in Catholic style with Italian marble. Israel & Gibraltar produced a joint issue (2022) also showing the Nazareth Church of Annunciation.

Recife, Brazil

Under Portugal, crypto-Jews arrived in Brazil. After Dutch capture in 1630, Jews practiced openly. They built synagogue 'Tzur Yisrael' in 1636. They fled Portuguese recapture in 1654, to the Caribbean & North America. Now a building on the original Recife site recreates a typical Sephardic synagogue of the day. Brazil's 2001 stamp shows a ship arriving, and then heading north. The inscription reads Kehal Zur Yisrael in Hebrew & English.

Bridgetown, Barbados

Some of Brazil's Jews reached Barbados in 1654, settling in Bridgetown. they built synagogue 'Nidhe Israel'.Damaged and rebilt, it came under Ashkenazic use. Renovated in 1987 when to first 2 of 5 local stamps. the interior is in a colonial style often encountered in the early New World. More issues were released in 2000, 2007, and 2021.

Joden Savanne, Suriname

Jews arrived from Holland & Brazil between 1639 - 1666. The 'Jewish Savannah' was a complex of sugar cane plantations. The prominent Bracha VeShalom synagogue was built in 1685 in brick. Nearby cemeteries persist, with Hebrew & Portuguese inscriptions. Abandoned in 1832, a few ruins remain. A '300th Anniversary stamp set was issued in 1968, picturing old engravings of the site: a map, the synagogue, and a period tombstone.

Paramaribo, Suriname

Sephardic Jews arrived in the 1600s and Ashkenazim followed. Synagogue Neve Shalom was completed in 1842 in colonial style, built of wood with a sand-covered floor representing the Exodus trek through the desert. The 2 communities united and settled in this historic building, where they adopted Liberal style services. Suriname honored it on a 1961 stamp.

Willemstad, Curacao

Sepharadim settled in this Dutch colony in 1651. This synagogue, the oldest in continuous use in the western hemisphere, is the 4th built on this site. Patterned after the Esnoga in Amsterdam, it also has sand-covered floors. They were early supporters of the congregations in New York and Providence. The triple Ark contains 18 Torah scrolls & ornaments dating back to the 1700s. Today affiliated Reconstructionist. Stamps date from 1970, 1982 (250th anniversary), and 1998.

Panama City, Panama

Sephardic Jews from the Caribbean & Askenazic Jews from Europe settled here in the 1800s. The Kol Shearith Israel building opened in 1935. The service gradually changed from Spanish Portuguese Orthodox in Hebrew to Reform with English & Spanish elements. Open ceiling, 10 windows, polished, black tile floor. This is the 'old' building (1961). A 1983 stamp pictures this KSI building but mis-labels it as 'Synagogue Shevet Achim' which is a different Middle-Eastern Sephardic Orthodox congregation.

Balboa, Panama

United States opened the Panama Canal in 1914. A small Jewish community existed in the American Canal Zone. Among the US troops that arrived in WWII were some 800 Jewish men. The USO service center pictured, also used by the National Jewish Welfare Board, supplied religious, cultural & recreational activities. It operated until 1979. The 1962 stamp set honored 'Freedom of Religion'.

New York City, United States

Sephardic Jews arrived in 'New Amsterdam' in 1654, formed a congregation soon after, and built their 1st formal synagogue in 1730. The current building, built in Renaissance Greek style, dates to 1897. Some of the Torah scrolls & ornaments date to the 1700s. Seats face a wide central aisle in which the bimah is centrally located. A small chapel recreates the original 1730 interior. Israeli stamps featured this building among World Synagogues in 1970.

Newport, Rhode Island

Arriving in 1658, Spanish/Portuguese Jews dedicated this synagogue, Yeshuat Yisrael, in 1763. Guided by Palladian principles of symmetry & proportion, the interior features typical colonial style furnishings. Its first rabbi was Isaac Touro & his sons bequeathed maintenance money, associating the family name with the synagogue. It is a designated Historical site, honored by US (1982) and Israel (1988).

Tzefat, Israel

One of Israel's 4 Holy Cities, Tzefat became famous in the 16th century when the Kabbalists made it the City of Mysticism. The leading personality was R' Isaac Luria (1531-1573) known as 'The Ari'. The Ashkenazi Ari synagogue was built at the end of the 16th century, on the spot on which he would greet the Sabbath. Its 4-pillared structure is built in E. European style. The pictured ark is a late addition, 9th century, carved in Baroque style standing tall. Israel honored it in 1953.

Jerusalem.Old.Yohanan

Sometime in the 16-1700s this building was made the home of 4 Sephardic synagogues. Named for R' Yochanan b. Zakkai, this was the most prominent, seat of the chief Sephardic rabbi. Two Holy Arks, the 2nd 1 for other scrolls and perhaps even, by government decree, a Koran! Active until total desecration in the 1948 war. Restored in 1972 and in use today. Honored on an Israel stamp in 1974.

Jerusalem.Old.Istambouli

The Istambouli section of this building built in the 1760s, is named for Turkish immigrants. It was frequented by Jewish Quarter tradesmen and, more recently, by kurdistani Jews. It is the largest of the 4. Furnished with objects and decorations from Spain and Italy. Also ransacked in 1948 and used as a stable. Restored in 1972, when the Ark appeared on a stamp. The synagogue appears on the Israel holiday issue of 1974.

Jerusalem.Old.Emtzai

A courtyard common to the 3 synagogues was covered over and turned into a 4th room for prayer. It is called, descriptively, the Emtzai (middle) synagogue. Similar to the Y.b.Z synagogue, it is squarish with a single nave, about 4x13 meters. Ladies' gallery in front, above the Aron Kodesh. Also desecrated in 1948 and later rebuilt. The 3rd stamp in the set.

Jerusalem.Zoharei Chama

An early synagogue in the new city, Zoharei Chama ('Sunrise Synagogue') was built in stages on Jaffa Road, from 1908 - 1917. The rest of the building was intended to be a hostel for immigrants. Damaged by fire, the city restored it and services continue today for local businessmen, residents, & tourists. The distinctive sundial above helped knowing proper times for prayer and Sabbath candle-lighting. The 2014 stamp set featured 'Sundials in Israel'.

Jerusalem.Yeshurun

Yeshurun Central synagogue was completed in 1936. It was intended to be THE formal synagogue in the New City. The center of German Jewish Orthodox Jews, it was built in the Bauhaus style. It became the site of ceremonial events in the New City. A professional cantor and male choir attract members and visitors. Honored on a 1983 Israeli stamp.

Jerusalem.Italian

This 'Italian Synagogue' was established in 1941 as a spiritual center for Italian immigrants. The furnishings are a gift from the Venice community. In 1952, the interior was remodeled to recreate the interior of the old, abandoned Italian synagogue of Conegliano. Furnishings are antique. The ornate Ark was one of 3 featured in a 1953 stamp issue.

Jerusalem.Hebrew University

With the original Hebrew University campus on Mt. Scopus under Jordanian control after 1948, a new campus arose in the new city. The synagogue was dedicated in 1957, named for American rabbi Herbert Goldstein. A concrete hemisphere on 8 arches 'hovers above the raised floor' and there are no windows. Men/women sections are divided by a screen. Both stamps appeared in 1975 - the 1st marking the University's 50th anniversary with a montage of both campuses; the 2nd featuring architecture.

Tel Aviv.Ashkenazic

Tel Aviv as a separate town from Yafo, was barely 16 years old when this synagogue was completed in 1926. It is the official residence of T.A.s chief rabbi. Its large dome and rounded arches feel Middle-Eastern. Remodeled in 1970 with a modernizing concrete frame around it, a scheduled new makeover will restore the original character. The 1959 stamp marking Tel Aviv's 50th anniversary shows the Shul, along with the Herzliya high school, Mann auditorium, and the Histadrut building.

Tel Aviv.Sephardic

The Sephardic grand synagogue, named Ohel Mo'ed, was completed by 1931. It is built generally in the Art Deco and Bauhaus style. Details allude to Temple features and Kabbalistic ideas - planets, arches, 15 steps of the Temple, etc. It became the official residence of the Sephardic chief rabbi of Tel Aviv. Part of a 1983 set featuring synagogues.

Petach Tikvah, Israel

The Lomzha Yeshiva in Poland sent 50 students to Palestine in 1926. The new yeshiva in Petach Tikvah trained many scholars who went on to rabbinic leadership. The Ark is built of stone with stucco decorations of lions, Menorah & Luchot. The artists' names appear below, dated 1936. This Ark appeared in a 3-stamp set in 1953 featuring special Holy Arks in Israel.

Haifa.Technion

Ohel Aharon synagogue stands on the campus of the Technion - Israel's Institute of Technology - on Mount Carmel in Haifa. Dedicated in 1969. The roof is shaped like an inverted stepped pyramid. It is constructed of unfinished concrete elevated from the ground by 4 pillars. Interior furnished simply with timber. Semicircular concrete girders suggest a tent. Prayer rite is leader's choice. Another in the 1983 set about synagogue architecture.

Be'er Sheva, Israel

The Iraqi Central synagogue of Be'er Sheva opened in 1980. financed by businessman Khalastchi and known by his name. It gives the impression of a tent, also called the 'Star' synagogue and 'Pyramid' due to its 6-pointed footprint. The bare concrete style is known as Brutalism. Walls can be raised to increase air flow. Women sit in the 6 points; men cluster around the central Tevah. Another 1983 issue.

Jerusalem.Old City.'Hurva'

Originally known as the synagogue of R' Yehudah Hechasid, it was built in the early 1700s, but destroyed. Laying in ruins for 140 years, the Perushim of the Old City rebuilt it in 1867 and named it Bais Yaakov honoring the Rothschild patriarch. The style is Byzantine Revival, with a huge dome. The 2 level Ark can hold 50 Torah Scrolls. The most beautiful & important synagogue until destroyed by the Arab Legion in 1948. Commemorated by a 1977 arch then completely rebuilt in 2010. 1993 stamp.